First Aid for Corrections Officers Practice Test

What causes Hepatitis B?

1. Aerial transmission of viruses

2. Sexual contact and sharing contaminated needles

3. Exposure to contaminated surfaces

4. Ingestion of contaminated foods

The correct answer is: Sexual contact and sharing contaminated needles

Hepatitis B is primarily caused by the Hepatitis B virus (HBV), which is most commonly transmitted through specific routes that include sexual contact and the sharing of contaminated needles. This mode of transmission is significant in understanding the risk factors for contracting the virus, especially in settings such as corrections facilities where close contact and the potential for needle sharing may occur. Sexual contact can facilitate the transmission of the virus through the exchange of bodily fluids, including blood, semen, and vaginal secretions. Additionally, sharing needles, such as in situations involving intravenous drug use, significantly increases the risk of Hepatitis B transmission, as infected blood can directly enter the bloodstream of another person through shared equipment. The other options involve means of transmission that are not applicable to Hepatitis B. Aerial transmission generally relates to respiratory viruses, exposure to contaminated surfaces is more associated with surface viruses (not bloodborne), and ingestion of contaminated foods typically pertains to gastrointestinal infections rather than bloodborne pathogens like HBV. Understanding these specific transmission methods is crucial for effective prevention and control within various environments, including correctional facilities.